Cahliel Osama Essays (320 words) - Racism In South Africa

Cahliel Osama Foreigners Need To Pack Their Bags And Leave Summary Xenophobia mean intense or irrational dislike or fear of people from other countries. People can get this fear from having physical,emotional,economic, and political bad experiences with foreigners. After the establishment of democratic governments in 1994 xenophobia in South Africa increased drastically, But it wasn't until 2000 that physical actions took place. The reason the riots started recently, in January, was because a foreigner (Somalian) murdered a South African tennager. It was not noted why he was murdered. The South Africans want the foreigners to leave. This is currently happening in South Africa, Durban. The foreigners are fighting back peacefully and are saying that we have no where else to go. Some foreigners built barricades around themselves and also said that we must fight back. The foreigners have done no aggressive acts towards the South Africans. The government responds to this by holding a peace march to commemorate the victims of the riots and the vic tims that was originally killed by foreigners. The government is also holding a meeting to see what they can do to prevent this from happening again. Connection To Theme I think that the rioting is senseless and dumb. The reason why I think this is because the foreigners that were killed had nothing to do with the initial act. They didn't have to go around killing random people. They also could have seeked justice and be satisfied without having more peoples lives taken. In class we learned about conflicts between people such as whites vs everyone else in South Africa. This relates to what we are leaning in class because its talking about two different groups of people fighting each other. In this case its races fighting rather than religions. Article-http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/south-africa-xenophobia-catalysts-reactions-deadly-anti-foreigner-riots-1496561

Literary Criticism of The First Confession essays

Literary Criticism of The First Confession essays Literary Criticism of The First Confession Every person has their own view on situations that occur in their every day life. In an adults eyes a situation might be a minor problem, however in a childs eyes the problem might be the biggest problem of their life. The biggest problem they have faced. In Frank OConnors short story The First Confession the point of view is a major peace in the development of this story. In the beginning of the paper the reader can feel the childs feelings for his grandmother. By describing her as an old country woman unsuited for town life shows he feels she does not fit in with the rest of the family. In his eyes his grandmother and the rest of the women in his life come out to be the enemy. As a boy women were his agent of fear.(Critical Survey of Short Stories). Every woman in his life was the cause for all of his troubles. However, by the end of the story we see him understand for what reason and why he feels the way he does. When he gets older he will see the women such as his grandmother and Mrs. Ryan were not there to hurt him but to help him. Another way OConnor made this short story interesting is by making the child the narrator. When the child of any story is the narrator the reader sees and thinks of this he would have never imaged if the narrator was older. If he would have use the sister Nora as the narrator the story would be completely different. Nora would not be the mean one. Instead the reader would hear how horrible and terrible her little brother really is. Using the child as the narrator it creates a hum- hum feeling through the paper.(Short Story Criticism) If the crazy lady Mrs. Nora would have arrogated this piece the short story would have been out of this world with catholic statements and facts. The priest would have been an interesting person to hear from when he sees a boy perched on the...

Assess the financial performance of William Hill over the last 4 years Essay

Assess the financial performance of William Hill over the last 4 years and discuss how management accounting can assist a service providing business like William Hill - Essay Example o assess the financial performance of William Hills is its profitability assessment over the last four years and the satisfaction of investors in terms of returns on their investments. The tool of ratio analysis is used for assessing such financial performances of William Hills. In order to assess the profitability the ratios that are considered for the four year performance are operating margin, net margin, return on total assets (ROA), and return on common equity (ROE). Let us start with operating profits. â€Å"Operating profit margin measures the percentage of each sales dollar remaining after all costs and expenses other than interest, taxes, and preferred stock dividend are deducted. It represents the pure profits earned on each sales dollar. Operating profits are pure because they measure the profits earned on operations and ignore interest, taxes, and preferred stock dividends.†(Lawrence J Gitman, page 67)i The assessment of operating margin ratios of William Hills suggests that profitability performance is sliding down since 2006. The operating profit margin was 32.68% in 2006, 30.7% in 2007, 28.91% in 2008, and then down to 25.31% in 2009. One of the reasons for this sliding performance is poor response to newly introduced online gambling business. In fact â€Å"the online business of William Hills has tarnished the group’s reputation for management excellence by mismanaging the online sports book technology project.†(B etting Market, Viewed on 19th May 2009)ii The analysis of profitability on basis of net profit margin is also very interesting because â€Å"the net profit margin is indicative of management’s ability to operate the business with sufficient success not only to recover from revenues of the period, the cost of merchandise or services, the expense of operating the business (including depreciation) and the cost of borrowed funds, but also to leave a margin of reasonable compensation to the owners for providing their capital at risk. The ratio

The origins of the Arab- Israeli wars Term Paper

The origins of the Arab- Israeli wars - Term Paper Example agenda and conflict emanated in 1948 after Israel was born; resultantly, this aspect makes the comprehensive conflict an international and modern marvel especially due to the five wars that followed. Additionally, also other significant political events arose from the same occurrence i.e. uprisings by the Palestinians. In 1880’s, there was an increase in the European-Jews that immigrated to Palestine causing many rigidities between the Palestinian-Arab residents and the different movements under Zionism. Nonetheless, the Jews in Palestine continued to increase and this affected even parts of land that were under the rule of Ottoman, where the Jewish communities settled and started agricultural projects. Moreover, some of the Jewish communities also acquired land from individual prominent Arabs with the number of Christians and Jews increasing by day. However, according to Ottoman and Robert (Statistician General of Israel), it took time before the Jews and Christians were nearly as half the number of Palestinians and Muslims. Later on in 1917, political actions took an unexpected turn especially through the Balfour Declaration of Palestine that gave the power of recognition to the settlement of Jews in the Palestinian land. The Great Britain Government facilitated the declaration during the period of the Obligatory Palestine, and a result it was the source of major conflicts between the full-time dwellers and the immigrants. Ottoman was a significant factor of the tensions as the immigration took place during his time and ruling. Faisal- Weizmann Agreement followed two years after the declaration to try to reduce the tension between the two groups. The agreement encouraged collaboration between the Arabs and the Jews especially on the aspect that both communities would live together in Palestinian Land. However, the idea of leaving a part of the Palestinian Land did not entirely impress the Arabs and the agreement did not have much of an impact to the

The General Principles of Operation Management Essay

The General Principles of Operation Management - Essay Example Being selected by a lot of market research and surveys as the car of the year for a number of years it shows that, Toyota has an unbeaten record worldwide. Due to the good quality Toyota's worldwide fame and success kept going, back in 1995, Toyota was the top car in the Middle East. Moreover, TMC has manufactured extremely high-quality cars that do not make much noise or do they do produce unpleasant fumes, Toyota uses more than 40 emission-control systems, it also uses dozens of technologies that have improved passenger-car safety. 2) The second performance objective is speed, this objective highlights the fact that by doing things on reasonably fast speed, the company can minimize the time between the order and the availability of the product same goes for a service this tends to give the customer a speed advantage over other companies. The TMC's techniques are highly focused operations that lessen complexity by using easy as well as small machines, which are robust and supple. This is done by rearranging the layout along with the flow in order to improve simplicity improves the speed of production. Statistics of the late 1980 show how 27 years back the output per worker was a lot more than US or European plants. 3) The third performance objective is dependent... 3) The third performance objective is dependability, this objective highlights the fact that the organization has performed complete its production in the time period which it has promised the customer (David 2006). In order to get a better understanding of this objective a good example to quote here would be that TMC includes 'Just-in-time' (JIT) production system along with workers who are multi-skilled that work as a team, They use 'kanban control' which has permitted them to deliver products as they have promised. Improving efficiency as well as quality is the first and foremost concern of not only the managers and technical experts but also of each and every employee. So, it can be said that TMC is a good example of the third objective. 4) The fourth objective is 'flexibility', this objective involves the responding to a vibrant environment of the organization that brings change in their products and services it also changes the manner in which they do business. An organization has got to learn to love a change in order to develop flexible as well as responsive organizations to manage with a good dynamic business environment. (Peters, T. 1998) Again to demonstrate the importance of these objectives the example of TMC will be used. The TMC plant is always adopting new and innovative manufacturing resources, in order to launch new models at a fast pace. Due to this Toyota was able to attain an extremely high level of flexibility, producing fairly small batches of diverse models with slight or no loss at all of productivity or quality. TMC during the years has provided an array of options from which customers can select from.

Design of Hybrid Filter With Wavelet Denoising

Design of Hybrid Filter With Wavelet Denoising Simranjit Kaur DESIGN OF HYBRID FILTER WITH WAVELET DENOISING AND ANISOTROPIC DIFFUSION FILTER FOR IMAGE DESPECKLING 1. INTRODUCTION Digital images are images which are formed of picture elements also termed as pixels. The pixels typically are arranged in a rectangular array. The dimensions of the pixel array determine its size. Its width is defined by the number of columns, and height by the number of rows in that array. Digital images are susceptible to various types of noise.Speckleis a form of noise which exists in and decreases the quality of the active  radar  and  synthetic aperture radar  (SAR) images. Image denoising is an essential task in image processing, both as a component in other processes and as a process itself. Various methods are there to denoise the image. A good image denoising model preserves edges, while removing noise. If the window size is quite large, then the over smoothing will occur and edges become blur out. If the size of window is small, then the smoothing property of the window decreases and doesn’t remove the speckle noise that efficiently. Secondly, in the traditional filters there is no enhancement of edges. Thirdly these existing filters are non directional. Finally, the thresholds which are used in the existing filters, although are inspired by statistical arguments, they are ad hoc improvements which only display the drawbacks of the window-based approach. So, inorder to alleviate this problem, hybrid filter with Wavelet denoising and anisotropic diffusion filter, has been proposed. In this model, we work on the drawbacks of the previous models such as oversmoothing of the images and unnecessaryremoval of the edges. 1.1 SCOPE OF STUDY The scope of work for this model is finding an accurate technique for the development of a hybrid despeckling model whose main purpose is to preserve the edges of the image and avoid oversmoothing during denoising. We have to study various previous techniques and on the basis of the study we will develop a model which overcomes the flaws of existing despeckling methods while improving the quality parameters in the end of filtering process. 2. OBJECTIVES To reduce the speckle noise. To improve the parameters like peak signal to noise ratio, equivalent no of looks and coefficient of correlation. Tocreate a better image processing algorithm To investigate the proper selection of wavelet filters and thresholding scheme which yields optimal visual enhancement of SAR images. Tocreate a better image processing algorithm for denoising technique. To design a hybrid filter from the two existing filters for removal of noise in uniform regions from the image. 3. BRIEF LITERATURE SURVEY Until now, several researches and case studies have been reported about wavelet denoising . Yuan Gao and Zhengyao Bai [2] proposed a speckle reduction method which is based on curvelet domain in SAR images. In this technique, curvelet transform is mapped with wavelet filtering. In the first step, multiplicative noise is converted in to additive noise. Second step is to compute the threshold, by using soft and hard thresholding curvelet coefficients are thresholded. Lastly, opposite CT and exponential transform are applied to reconstruct the original image. This shows that this method is better than other filtering techniques. S.Sudha et al. [3] proposed a tool for noise removal in ultrasound images. The comparison shows that the proposed technique provides better results than other existing techniques. Manish Goyal and Gianetan Singh Sekhon [4] applied wavelet based hybrid thresholding techniques: firstly applied the statistical technique and then filtering based on bayes threshold. Then results are calculated which is followed by applying soft thresholding. The experimental results show that this filter gives better results. Alka Vishwa, Shilpa Sharma [5] created a simple context-based model for the selection of threshold within a wavelet denoising model. Estimations of the local variance with appropriate weights are used for thresholding. Although, it is seen that the denoised image, during removal of a substantial amount of noise also suffers practically node gradation in the sharpness and details. The experimental result shows that this proposed method yields significantly improved visual quality and also better PSNR in comparison with the other techniques for the denoising. Rohit Verma,Jahid Ali [6] has discussed different types of noise that can creep in image during acquisition. In the second section various filtering techniques are presented that can be used for denoising the digital image. Experimental results found that the BM3D along with median filters gave better results and the averaging and minimum filters performed the worst. BM3D is best choice of removing Salt and pepper noise. In all other cases median filter is considered more suitable. K.Bala Prakash ,R.Venu Babu and Venu Gopal [7] proposed a new technique which is independently select the filter for different types of images. In this technique a new independent filter will automatically check which filter gives better results in images,. The results are computed using different parameters. The experimental results shows that proposed technique gives better results than other techniques. Mashaly et al. [8] introduced a new technique which is based on morphological operations. In this paper Synthetic aperture radar images are used. In this morphological operations are applied to remove the speckle noise reduction and the results are compared with different filtering techniques such as adaptive and non adaptive filters. Adib Akl and Charles Yaacoub [9] proposed a method for image denoising that uses wavelet denoising and an adaptive form of the Kuan filter that results in a significant removal of speckle noise. The results are tested in respect of the peak signal to noise ratio, equivalent no of looks and coefficient of correlation. Udomhunskal and Wongsita [10] presented a method for Ultrasonicspeckledenoisingusingthe hybrid technique which is based on wavelet transform and wiener filter to reduce thespecklenoisewhile preserving the details. In this method, firstly apply the 2D discrete wavelet transform for the noisy image. Then, the wiener filter isapplied to each detail subband. The results found that this method removes the ultrasonicspeckle more efficiently. 4. GAPS IN STUDY 5. PROBLEM FORMULATION The basic idea of this model is the estimation of the uncorrupted image from the noisy image or distorted image known as â€Å"image denoising†. To remove noisy distortions, there are various methods to help restore an image. Choosing the best method plays a very important role for getting the desired image. There are various existing techniques to remove the Speckle Noise Reduction but due to some drawbacks these techniques cannot remove Speckle Noise efficiently. The major drawbacks of the existing filters are: The adaptive filters like Lee filter, Kuan filter and Frost filter are not able to perform a full removal of Speckle without losing any edges because they rely on local statistical data and this Statistical data related to the filtered pixel value and this data depends upon the filter window over an area. As these existing filters are very much sensitive to the Window Shape and Window Size. If the Window Shape is very much larger than over smoothing will occurs. As window size is smaller than the Smoothing Capability of the Window will decrease. So, to overcome these limitations we proposed a new hybrid technique that combines Wavelet based denoising and anisotropic diffusion filter. As Wavelet is Frame based Approach, it does not dependent on Space or Time. Wavelet also provides better Resolution. In Anisotropic diffusion filter, it is based on partial differential equation. It does not depends upon the window size but, on Mean Square Error approach. So it provides better filtering capability and enhances the edges. By applying these techniques the efficiency of the system is increased and noise is reduced to the greater extent. 6.METHODOLOGY Wavelet denoising is a modern approach to denoising which is not based on local statistical data. The wavelet denoising is a frame based approach. In this approach, a wavelet transform is applied on the image, followed by thresholding method. In the end, an inverse wavelet transform is applied to the image for lengthening the image components after they were reduced during wavelet decomposition. A speckled image can be expressed in the form of k=m*n Where m is the original image and the n is noise with mean and unknown variance. The following diagram explains the DWT-denoising.Wavelet-based denoising consists of: Applying the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to the noisy image k, Thresholding the detail coefficients, and Finally applying inverse discrete wavelet transform (IDWT) technique on the threshold coefficients to obtain an estimation of the original image kas shown in Figure1. Figure1. Block diagram of wavelet denoising Theimage k is inserted in the filter in the logarithmic form i.e. k=m+n. After wavelet transform W is applied, it results in W(k). W(k) undergoes the thresholding process which results in T(W(k)) which is represented asfwin the figure 1.Finally, the de-speckled image is extracted using the inverse transform W-1. Anisotropic diffusion filter: In anisotropic diffusion the main method is to smoothen within the region in preference to the smoothening across the edges. Without bias due to the filter window shape and size the partial differential equation based removal approach allows the generation of image scales consisting of set of filtered image. So, anisotropic diffusion is adaptive and does not utilize the hard thresholds to alter performance in homogeneous areas or in region near edges and small features. This is quite edge sensitive. In the anisotropic diffusion filter, conduction coefficient is taken to be one within given region it is zero near the edges. Equation for anisotropic diffusion is as given I (x, 0) = =div (F) + – Here I is input image, is the initial image, div (F) is diffusion flux and is entire coefficient Overview of Framework First load the image using a MATLAB processing tool box and add speckle noise into in the image which can be seen in the form black and white dots. After image is loaded it will pass through wavelet denoising filter where log transformation is applied so as to decrease the multiplicative nature of the image by making it additive for easing the removal process.Here Bayes Shrink Threshold is used for thresholding process. The Bayesian Shrinkage contains a soft-threshold and minimizes the Bayesian risk. Shrink threshold is calculated by considering a Generalized Gaussian Distribution. After that an Inverse wavelet transform will be applied on the threshold output, so as to extract the image. After applying the Wavelet Transform, hybrid of the anisotropic filter and wavelet will be formed, sothat it provides better results than simple Wavelet denoising techniques. After the image passes through the filter, results will be evaluated in terms of peak signal to noise ratio, Coefficient of c orrelation and equivalent No of looks. These results will show that the hybrid model gives better results than other existing techniques. Figure 2.Basic flowchart depicting the despeckling of an image using hybrid model. 7. FACILITIES REQUIRED FOR PROPOSED WORK The various hardware and software facilities of the proposed model are given as under : Hardware Requirements: Intel Core CPU 3 GB RAM Windows server Software Requirements: MATLAB Software(R2012a) 32 bit (win32) 8. PROPOSED PLACE OF WORK Department of Computer Science Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College, Landran Mohali, India REFERENCES

Mobile Technology in Higher Education

THE IMPACT OF MOBILE INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY ON STUDENT’S ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS IN HIGHER EDUCATION The use of the mobile technologies gives an excellent opportunity to connect the digital division that has an effect on so many students. At University of the Western Cape, we proudly possess leadership that leads underrepresented students. This article will show the efforts made to: change and construct positive attitudes toward the use of Mobile Information Communications (ICT), understand habits in computer usage, and do experiments to show which methods are more effective in usage of mobile technologies to improve academic performance. Our way was to make use of mobile technologies with differing form factors into the learning environment and find their impact on student insight and performance. Results, ways and evaluation tools were developed within a general framework to gauge the effectiveness of our approach.The results on hand in this article will sho w how technology factor, use and student categorization has a positive impact on student’s attitudes and views as well as their academic performances. Introduction When students’ access to computers is limited outside of computer lab available, there was need that existed to promote the use of technology as an essential instrument that could be used as an integral part of the curriculum. For some a smaller group of students, studies showed that gaining access to computers and technology as a child growing up was not as vast as the other students. Hence, it was realised that there may be the fear factor at the introduction of technology to students 2. Enhanced understandings of computers and how they work and how information is exchanged was an important concern toward using technology effectively. Our attempt addressed the need to correct and construct positive attitudes toward mobile technology and heavily promote the need to understand habits of computer usage by the underrepresented categories and which methods were most effective in using mobile technologies.The approach we used was to highlight the neccessity to improve the students’ awareness of how technological tools ( mobile tools in particular) can have impact on their academic efficiency and performance. As a result we developed a short course module that could be used in any discipline to gauge and positively strengthen the productive aspects of mobile technology. The idea was to give a certain group of student’s mobile technology in various forms that they could take with them once the period class in this course ended (mobile class) period has ended.Our enthusiasm drove us to make use of this opportunity to further study the impact of mobile computer ownership on user views and performance within the academic framework in that effort. First year student matriculation as a whole was relatively low and unbalanced where close to 50% of students left university before rece iving a degree. Students go into the university with very little understanding as to: * What tasks a student accomplishes, the courses involved, and the technical aspects required. First semester is important in shaping if the student finishes as well as the pace in which the student finishes.However, it was shown that educational understanding and construction has a larger effect on attrition than complexity of the subject or ability * . The preceding factors make first year students interesting candidates for the mobile technology incorporation studies. The Technology The introduction of local and personal area networks such as Wi-Fi provided an affordable mobile solution to broaden learning and collaborating capabilities outside the classroom. Wi-Fi provided a platform that allowed the use of personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablets and wireless capable laptops by connectivity to the internet.It also enabled students to create peer networks that made information shared and deb ated in groups Students that took part in the mobile course modules had three mobile gadgets to choose from: COMPAQ/HP Tablet PC TC1000, the Gateway notebook PC and HP IPAQ 5450 POCKET PC. These mobile devices had a customized version of the Microsoft Windows Platform made to processing power and memory allocations available. The Windows CE incorporated built-in a platform for the pocket touch screen, recognition of handwriting, file transfers via infrared, Bluetooth connection, and biometric security.The Windows XP Tablet PC edition incorporated a system for the pen stylus, handwriting recognition, and remote presentation displays. All devices were capable of Wi-Fi connectivity. The device a particular student received was based on likes and availability. Preference depended on the main five categories: shape factor or size, processing power, memory space, data entry, and network connectivity. We classed the mobile devices in factors below to quantify which device the student would prefer if all devices were available.They had to rate wither it was best, worst or intermediate. It was in terms of the shape, processing ability, memory availability, data entry ease and network connectivity. The result was that the Table PC was the best trade off between sizes, data entry, processing power, memory, and connectivity. Students were most likely to take the tablet PC first. It also showed that the students who had tablet PC responded much positively to the mobile computing modules exercises. The wireless notebook was best described as a replacement for the desktop class machine.The students got the devices at the start of the course and were allowed to maintain ownership till the end of the module. Ownership was a vital characteristic to give students freedom to discover the capability of the device and roam within the wireless factor outside the classroom. The convenience of the device depended on the application and type of projects. Assessment and Attitudes of Mob ile Technology Module Design Incorporating mobile technology into the classroom needed a clearly distinct educational goal for the student to gain anything valuable.The overall goal for this course module was to restrain the anxiety associated with introduction to new technology. This expectation was to allow the students with the technology to enhance investigative skills and collaborative skills. Students were originally advised to try the material individually to acquire core competency and ease with the technology. Afterwards, students were placed into groups to work together on complex tasks using the mobile technology. Designing of the course module, emphasis was ought to be placed on all aspects of learning.According to Marzano and Pickering an excellent way was to follow the dimensions of learning structure. The model illustrated five dimensions of learning: * Positive attitudes and views about Learning * Processes involved in getting and incorporating knowledge * Processes involved in extending and enlightening knowledge * Processes involved in using knowledge significantly * Efficient behaviour of the mind Dimension one affected students’ effort put in the course. The attitude and view of course material upon getting into the classroom may have had a dramatic impact on overall performance of the student.Second dimension involved the students’ capability to incorporate the knowledge into long-term memory. Therefore the student acquired the skills to use what they had learned to future courses or assignments. Extension of the incorporated knowledge encompassed the third dimension. The student applied reasoning processes to help them grow and improve the material. Fourth dimension involved the use of the acquired knowledge for solving problems, making decisions and analysis. The final one focused on traits development for the student that allowed critical thinking, creativity, and ability to regulate themselves.After establishing the frame , strategies must be in place to blend in technology successfully into the course, record outcomes, and report results. The main focus in the design of this course module was to cover the first two dimensions. We wanted to avoid the fear, and encourage healthy attitudes and views that first year students have about technology and their curriculum over the long run. While students completed assignments, conducted research and worked together in teams, integrating and using the acquired knowledge is required.The 3 objectives that were common in all activities that involved mobile usage technology: * Promoted an environment that allowed the student to judge the weaknesses and strength of computer ownership and impact of ownership on performance. Student appraised advantages and disadvantages of different mobile platforms in a classroom environment. The student learnt about computer/network organization. * Issued assignments that required extended hours to complete * Evaluated and asses sed the most effective form of ownership that impacted the student’s ability to complete an assignment.BEFORE AND AFTER SURVEY * Had the students do an interactive recreational activity during off hours. * Encouraged students to find other areas that would encourage them to consider private ownership * Monitored usage statistics THE METHODS OR METRICS USED 1. Divided the students into teams that have mobile computational systems with varying types 2. Distinguish strengths and weaknesses of each platform in implementing a task. The students had to learn about computer/network organization and set-up different of simple wireless connections. THE METHODS OR METRICS USED . Had the students arrange simple fixed and wireless networks 2. Developed an initial level understanding of network protocol stack and connectionless networks Written Report 1. Had the students construct pages for peer to-peer and structure networking 2. Familiarized students with mobile computing skills and inf ormation sharing. The aims, outcomes and assessment methods shown in gave a high-level sight of material taught in the module. The tasks were made interactive in which the students had the ability to investigate capabilities of the technology further.In class works were carried out in a co-operative learning style environment where the team size varied between 2 to 4 students. Outside class students were encouraged to work together but all written assignments were collected individually. The students had to research and report on technology, implementation of the technology, and show its usefulness. The student learnt the complexities of the computer networking, device and wireless networks. Projects ranged from the use of pocket pc and/or laptops to create peer-to-peer networks over Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. An exampleThe students are investigated a mobile application by examining how one used a pocket PC device. An in class demonstration was done where teams of students were to explore the major components of a web based application. Afterwards they had to complete this task and report on advantages and disadvantages of the different forms . Also they were required to find these components, on the internet, and write a short report that had to be handed in electronically before the next class. Students also used applications e. g. virtual network computing to handle servers and desktops remotely .Also some applications contained servers that allowed complex computation on the server to be reported on the device The survey analysis was divided into three categories: * Perception of students on mobile technology * Usage of mobile technology * Effect of mobile on retention Targeted Programs and Course Some first year courses had been designed to familiarize students with the faculty, our facilities and resources and projects that required group work. Four three-week sections of the courses involved 118 first year students.Addition to using that course module to inves tigate some of their main curriculum courses, were made to infuse mobile technology into the different research organizations within the university. Thirty-six foundation students in the Law faculty used notebook and tablet PCs for six weeks to help in their research t. These students studied various topics such as basic laws, family, corporate and ethics. Ten students, including 3 from Zimbabwe, in the Science faculty used tablet PCs for eight weeks to discover knowledge fusion and acquisition techniques.The usage of the mobile technology to students in the different research groups varied depending on the nature of the research. For example, teams may deal closely with mobile technology using remote procedures needed technology or application development. Whereas, other teams may not use e-mobility technology for research but instead use them for information communication among members or work division. Perception on Mobile Technology * The most frequent trend in the analysis was that students felt mobile technology had higher relevance after having ownership and using the device than before. Ownership and using the device allowed the student to find relevance and apply the device to his/her environment. * Another trend taken note of is the relationship between time of ownership and the change that actually comes in student’s perception. The Science and Law students’ ownership period was close to three times longer than that of the other faculites’students. Therefore, in the end positive perceptions of students others faculties changed approximately higher on average. However the perceptions of students in Law and Science changed more dramatically.Positive perceptions for Science increased close to 60% and students participating in Law increased about 15% on average. Mobile Technology Usage While finishing interactive tasks with the mobile device and discovering its capabilities, most students gained a sense for the usefulness of the dev ice and mobile networking. For instance, while gaining knowledge about the technology and finishing a task using Bluetooth technology, the student found out that their cell-phone was also able to communicate via Bluetooth. The students were able to finish the tasks by joining his cell phone to network with other students using PDA’s.This technology raised the student’s interest and they showed initiative to use the technology further. Focusing on the aspect of ownership students’ views changed on buying a device for fun and convenience to that of buying for information access and research. Students who had longer ownership found means to use technology and contemplated more about using computational tools in their studies. STUDENT MAINTENANCE Attrition in faculties was discussed earlier in this paper. Theories within department’s research indicated that more exposure to technology made the curriculum more interesting.The prospect was to enhance the studen ts, increase probability of finishing through their degrees. It was discovered that even limited use of Mobile Technology raised the students’ interest in the more technological advancements to come. OTHER FACULTIES IN THE RESEARCH A modified questionnaire on computer attitude was developed to gauge on attitudes about computer value, enjoyment of the computer, studying habits, empathy, persistence and motivation, tendencies to be creative, school, mobile ownership, knowledge and importance for the first year courses. Results indicated fair amount of anxiety over all platforms.Also in views and acquired knowledge showed that technology ownership had a direct effect on the first two scopes of learning in the presence of technological combination. Most frequent were the fluctuating results in enjoyment of computer, email usage, e-classroom application and usage of computers. Tablet PC users exhibited constant satisfaction across the board. We hypothesize that the tablet PC strik es the balance in portability, performance and functionality that the user used it more and was more productive with it compared to the rest used in the study.This was especially applicable in urban areas where the student was tasked with selecting mobile computational devices to help counterbalance the many demanding situations placed by the bulk of communications, transportation, and social networks that surround them. Conclusion In this article, we showed a course specifically customised to introduce mobile technology to first year students. First year students were given a wide indication of device usage, connecting to the network, and low-level network design.Our attempt to instil mobile technology into the module was highly successful in raising the student curiosity, view, usage, and interest in the curriculum. Results revealed that the prolonged time of ownership and student categorisation or maturity has a positive impact on our student’s attitudes and views on mobil e technology. In addition mobile forms that offer a balance between size, weight, system and performance seem to have the greatest effect on student attitude and academic performance

Promotional Strategy Essay

1.1 Background Nowadays, cafà © is one of the most demanded businesses. Cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s business development continues to grow day by day, so differentiation every cafà © has its own advantages. For example, there are cafà © for reading books, watch live music, watch football, meeting, or just as extra facility (such as in the workshop, or in the car saloon), etc. Cafà © taken from French language, that means coffee, but later become a place where people can drink not only coffee but also other beverages. In Indonesia, cafà © means a simple place, but quite interesting where people can also eat. Cafà © regarding to common encyclopedia is a place that serve food and beverages or place used to eat. Cafà © regarding to The New Collins Dictionary & Theosaurus is a cheap restaurant that serving an easy cooked food. Cafà © is a place that similar to restaurant but has a special restriction. From definitions above author conclude that cafà © is a place like restaurant with a smaller scope that s erve food and beverages with variety facilities such as live music or free internet that provided for their customer. Hanging out with friends, or family definitely becoming something that makes us happy. Especially if it is we do in a relaxed atmosphere in a room or a special place. There are several ways you can do to it, especially the design space for a coffee, tea or a chat with the family, namely by: Create a comfortable sofa and put in seating space, the comfort it would certainly have made us feel at home and comfort to sharing stories. Put your stereo or home theater set in the corner of the room, where the sound effects are produced not disturb your ears nor anyone else was in the room. Put some ancillary equipment such as coffee maker, toaster, microwave or dispencer, which makes us easy to have drinks or warm food to be able to linger together. Create the atmosphere is not too bright and exotic with the right lighting. Can be placed lamp or standing lamp and other trinkets enough to read but perfect for hanging out together. If some of above things are done, they may be called a cafà ©. Beside for relaxing and hanging out with friends, cafà © nowadays also become a place to work. University of British Columbia has recently launched a study on the effectiveness of the work based on the level of noise in the workplace. More than 300 participants were asked to complete a series of tasks to test the concentration of thought. At the same time, the noise level in the room is constantly changing, ranging from very quiet until the sounds were deafening. As reported by Genius Beauty, the participants proved to be more easily accomplishing tasks in a room that has a noise level of average sound. Atmosphere in cafà © that were not so quite but not disturb the concentration able to make them more comfortable at the thought. â€Å"And the idea of just wandering off to a cafà © with a notebook and writing and seeing where that takes me for awhile is just bliss† J.K. Rowling (Author of Harry Potter) 1.2 Brief History of Kofielosophy Cafà © Most of restaurans and cafes in Bandung has wi-fi facilities nowadays. One of those cafes is Kofielosophy. It is located in Jl. Anggrek 36. Kofielosophy was established on June 2010. Since the owner of Kofielosophy love to work while relaxing, the owner builds a cafà © that provide food, beverage, entertainment, background music, and also meeting room. There are a lot of cafes in Bandung, which provide wi-fi for work, but there are just a few which provide a meeting room inside the cafà ©, especially in Bandung Central area. What is the atmosphere like? What does Kofielosophy look like i.e.: furniture, lighting, colors, art, etc? its very classy and elegant, relaxed with Indonesian-European sophistication. Kofielosophy have small cool stage on the second floor. This cafà © create a comfortable casual dining experience through their creative walls, woody and white walls with many accecorries , even their staff wear all black uniform And how about the outdoor seating? Kofielosophy concept is all about relaxed dining atmosphere, with back-sound music. Kofielosophy have a soft lounge area for relaxing, bar, and outdoor seating area for dinners, which is great for relaxing lunch in the sun or dinner. They don’t need any air-conditioning because the atmosphere at the location itself is already fresh. The reason why Kofielosophy still stands out is because they are a fresh injection into the Bandung central area scene. And the mission statement of Kofielosophy is relaxed, sophisticated, accessible casual dining, and peacefully working. The author asks to the Koffielosphy’s management about why they build business in Bandung Central area, and asks about are they like the surrounding area. And Koffielosophy’s told that Bandung Central area is sophisticated, neat, and hard working. They feel their cafà © concept goes hand in hand with that environment and suits their patrons perfectly. They also have very lovely neighbors; they all support each other, which are other cafes and restaurants. Even the others had more customers. About the staffs and employees of Koffielosophy, they are dynamic, friendly and of course they wear black shirts. Koffielosophy’s encourage their staff to talk to customers and be educated about its food and beverages and the facilities. Koffielosophy is also offer many else beside food and beverages, Koffielosophy can lease a place on the 2nd floor for family gathering, birthday party, wedding party, karaoke, music events, or watch football. And company meeting, seminar on t he meeting room. 1.3 Problem Identification Kofielosophy cafà © has actually managing its company poorly. It has some problems that need to be fixed. The managements of Kofielosophy are also open for insights and suggestions from visitors. The management of Kofielosophy realized that they are not as good as their other competitors in Bandung such as Bober cafà ©, etc. Therefore they would like to improve theire competitiveness on order to be able to compete with the existing competitors. There are some problems facing in the Kofielosophy, which are: first, the promotional program of the Kofielosophy is not attractive, not creative and not innovative.   In addition, there are some other things have become problems of Kofielosophy, that are the waiters in the cafà © are less communicative and tend to be passive (it means that the waiter at this cafà © is less able to show kindness and friendliness to consumer who come, they are less close to consumers), and then Kofielosophy is less able to care or maintenance of facilities they have (there are some facilities that are not functioning properly). 1.4 Research Objectives This research will be conducted to analyze, observe, and answer the specific problems with a valid method and knowledge. The purposes of this research are: 1. The author wants to find out how the managements of Koffielosophy make strategic breakthrough promotional programs, effective, and efficient. 2. The author wants to know about the service quality improvement of Koffielosophy to increase competitive strength 3. The author wants to help find solutions of problems facing in Koffielosophy The personal objectives are to fulfill the final thesis requirement for the bachelor of management business degree in School of Business and Management ITB, participate in giving ideas and recommendations for development of Koffielosophy, and also gaining experiences on managing a cafà © as basic knowledge for personal future business. Finally after all of the preliminary objectives are met then it will be able to find the gap analysis and the solution which will lead to the conclusion that will show what should the management do to improve the quality of the Koffielosophy Cafà ©. 1.5 Problem Limitation In this final project, there are several limitations of scope did by the researcher; which are the following: 1. The scope of study in this research is to know about the promotional management and promotional strategies improvement of Koffielosophy to increase their competitive strength 2. This research has been limited only to see costumers perceptions of Koffielosphy, and what should Koffielosophy do to attract customers and increase competitive strengths of Koffielosophy 3. The research will be identified through some theories (Literature Study), internal data and some articles/journals, which then saw the real facts on ground like Observaton Jump (Field Observation), In-depth Interview on customers and management of Koffielosophy itself; and the distribution of questionnaires. 4. The spread of the questionnaires only to customers of Koffielosophy, which is located in Jl. Anggrek no 36, Bandung Central Area, as the respondents of this research 5. The analysis result of this research is a case study and based on the situation of surroundings and the date resulted during the research. The observation of this research was done in Koffielosophy that is located in Jl Anggrek no 36, Bandung Central Area. To reduce the possibility of digressing from the topic, the scope of research shall be limited by these specifications: The scope research is only to measure Koffielosophy customer’s perception toward the Koffielosophy’s current management promotions condition, therefore a study of Koffielosophy current internal management is not too necessary. The research and discussion explored is all a customers based problem not the management or the employees of the Koffielosophy. The condition that is discussed in this report is based on the condition of Koffielosophy on the latest February 2013, which was the last month of the observation. 1.6 Research Questions In order to achieve the research objectives, requires some questions according to the author problems are discussed, such as: 1. Who are the potential targets of Koffielosophy? 2. How customer’s perception about the quality of service of Koffielosophy? 3. Who are the competitors of Koffielosophy? 4. What differences of Koffielosophy with their competitors? 5. What should Koffielosophy do (promotional strategies) to attract consumers to come to Koffielosophy? 6. How are the marketing strategies for Koffielosophy? 7. How is the competitive condition? 8. How is the public awareness of Koffelosophy? 9. How to increase the revenue or profit of Koffielosophy? The research questions design will mainly focus on the quality of Koffielosophy management promotions according to the customer’s perception, especially in Bandung Central Area, which in the end will result the perceived management promotion and also how to take back the customers of Koffielosophy. This thing is conducted in order to know what is the current perception about Koffielosophy of the Bandung Central Area’s customers and communities, which will give the management some suggestions, what kind of promotion strategies of Koffielosophy should be improved in order to take back the existing customers in Bandung Central Area and also to create the superior promotion management according to the customers perceptions 1.7 Research Methodology In order to help the researcher collect proper data during the research and investigation, some methods that will be used are: 1. Field Observation (Exploratory Research) Field observation is an observation that the author will do directly to condition around Kofielosophy. The author will observe about five things that related about the research topics, which are based on the facilities; then based on the services; then based on the prices; and then based on the promotions. In field observation, the author can find what the customer’s want and need; and then through the field observation, the author can get some recommendation to the Kofielosophy, especially what should they do for marketing planning in the future. Through the field observation, the author can know about the competition in around Bandung central area, and author can get, which is the key competitor, where SWOT analysis can be used to know how much the condition of music cafà © competition. 2. In-depth Interview (Exploratory Research) In-Depth Interview also belongs to qualitative method. In-Depth interview, we have confidential and secure conversation between the author as the interviewer, and customers as a respondent continually, and management of Kofielosophy. In this method, the interviewer also has to make sure about the topics that are crucial to ask for the reasons of the purpose and the issues of the survey in the conversation and the client have to approve it. The author as researcher hopes they will give the best and honest answers to be considered in applying the Kofielosophy. In addition, the interviewer will also interview the management of Kofielosophy; where the interviewer will get more information’s about the cafà ©. After that, the author will get important variable that can help me to create the questionnaire later. 2. Questionnaire (Descriptive Research) For quantitative research, the primary data collection instrument is the questionnaire. To enhance the analysis and facilitate the classification of responses, into meaningful categories, questionnaire includes both substantive questions that are relevant to the purposes of the study and pertinent demographic questions. Questions can be open-minded (requiring answers in the respondent’s own word) which yield more information but are more difficult to code and analyze, or close-ended (the respondent merely checks the appropriate answer from a list of options) which are limited to the alternative responses provided. And then, all questions in questionnaire are based on the field observation and in-depth interview. 1.8 Report Structure This report structure is discussed here to describe how the research was done in steps; therefore readers will be able to understand the report holistically. This report also consist of chapters explained below: 1. Chapter I: Introduction This chapter explains about the overview; research background, problem statement, research objectives, research questions and research scopes, and the short explanation of research methodology. 2. Chapter II: Theoretical Foundation This chapter explains theoretical foundation from various literatures regarding the subject. It is started with the theoretical concept about marketing generally. 3. Chapter III: Research Methodology This chapter explains detailed methodology use to address the problems, including the research concept, research steps, the research objectives, and also the methods, and data gathering 4. Chapter IV: Data Analysis This Chapter present the data gathered about the company, such as brief history, organizational structure, survey and interview results, also the primary data from the questionnaires spread to customers. 5. Chapter V: Conclusions and Recommendations This chapter incorporates a discussion of the result, a conclusions, and a project for the problem formulated, which is a conclusion about the customers perception toward Kofielosophy, and recommendations to Kofielosophy what should they do in the future planning.

Effects of French Revolution on U.S. essays

Effects of French Revolution on U.S. essays Question: What effects did the French revolution have on the U.S.? The French revolution, violent in its nature and far reaching in its consequences had broken out in France. It was the immediate consequence of the teaching of our own revolution. I recently started looking on the internet, to find the effect the French Revolution had on the U.S. back in the time of Mr. Jefferson. I first had to research what was going on in France at the time and how that affected us. I found that people commuting from France back to America affected the revolutions impact on us, as well as disputes between the U.S. and France. I searched for information on what was going on in France around the time of Mr. Jefferson. The people of France had long endured almost irresponsible despotism and were yearning for freedom. French officers and soldiers who had served in America during the latter years of our struggle for independence, returned to their country full of republican ideas and aspirations. They began to question the right of few oppressing the many. The public heart was soon stirred by new ideas, and in the movement that followed, Lafayette was conspicuous for awhile. When Jefferson came into the cabinet of Washington, he was much affected by seeing the uprising of the people in France against their oppressors. Regarding the movement as kindred to the late uprising of his own countrymen against Great Britain, it enlisted his warmest sympathies. He expected to find the people of the U.S. glowing with feeling like his own. He was sadly disappointed, for the conservatism of Washington and the tone of society in New York, in which some of the Leven of Toryism still lingered. He had scarcely taken his seat in the cabinet before he declared that some of his colleagues held monarch views, and that there was a party in the U.S. continually at work, secretly and sometimes openly, for the overthrow of Republicanis ...

Free Essays on Ku Klux Klan

Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) is one of America's oldest and most feared groups. Driven by the dream of a world with only one master race, the KKK often uses violence and moves above the law to promote their cause. They didn't start of violent, or to promote white supremacy. They have been in the shadows for over 130 years and continue to thrive in America's society today. The Ku Klux Klan began almost accidentally during the reconstruction period after the civil war in the Southern United States. The southern people had suffered greatly from the effects of the great war. Many of them lost their homes and plantations. Many also lost friends and loved ones to the war. The people needed a release from the sorrow of everyday life. In 1865, six men from a small town in Tennessee accidentally began what has grown to be the largest and most feared "hate group" in the country. The men decided to make a club to help release the stress of the times. The men were all poor and could not afford to make gowns or great costumes for the group, so they decided to use linens. They wore the linens over their backs and put pillowcases on their heads. They also draped the linens over their horses. The Ku Klux Klan was going to ride for the first time. In the beginning, the men wanted to do nothing more than play pranks on people. However, the people were more frightened than they were cheered up. They soon realized what they could do with these fear tactics. The South had turned into a place that was no longer theirs. The slaves were now free (many of these men were slave owners) and carpetbaggers were coming from the North to take advantage of the southern people. They saw the opportunity to set back the South to ! what it had been. The KKK soon began to ride through political rallies of the carpetbaggers. People often fled the rallies out of fear. Word quickly spread across the South about these masked men. Many people loved ... Free Essays on Ku Klux Klan Free Essays on Ku Klux Klan Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) is one of America's oldest and most feared groups. Driven by the dream of a world with only one master race, the KKK often uses violence and moves above the law to promote their cause. They didn't start of violent, or to promote white supremacy. They have been in the shadows for over 130 years and continue to thrive in America's society today. The Ku Klux Klan began almost accidentally during the reconstruction period after the civil war in the Southern United States. The southern people had suffered greatly from the effects of the great war. Many of them lost their homes and plantations. Many also lost friends and loved ones to the war. The people needed a release from the sorrow of everyday life. In 1865, six men from a small town in Tennessee accidentally began what has grown to be the largest and most feared "hate group" in the country. The men decided to make a club to help release the stress of the times. The men were all poor and could not afford to make gowns or great costumes for the group, so they decided to use linens. They wore the linens over their backs and put pillowcases on their heads. They also draped the linens over their horses. The Ku Klux Klan was going to ride for the first time. In the beginning, the men wanted to do nothing more than play pranks on people. However, the people were more frightened than they were cheered up. They soon realized what they could do with these fear tactics. The South had turned into a place that was no longer theirs. The slaves were now free (many of these men were slave owners) and carpetbaggers were coming from the North to take advantage of the southern people. They saw the opportunity to set back the South to ! what it had been. The KKK soon began to ride through political rallies of the carpetbaggers. People often fled the rallies out of fear. Word quickly spread across the South about these masked men. Many people loved ... Free Essays on Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan is the organisation in USA that has been torturing and harrasing The Black people living in America since they entered America as workers. They are racist people who belive that the Whites are superior to other races.The Ku Klux Klan's long history of violence grew out of the resentment and hatred many white Southerners felt in the aftermath of the Civil War. Blacks, having won the struggle for freedom from slavery, were now faced with a new struggle against widespread racism and the terrorism of the Ku Klux Klan. Ironically, the Klan was born from simple idleness, created as a social club by six young Confederate veterans of the Civil War. All six was well- educated, relatvely affluent, and each had passed the war as an officer. They called this secret group which they created of boredom, The Ku Klux Klan that is from kuklos; Greek for circle.While the menace of the KKK has peaked and waned over the years, it has never vanished. The Klan, when it was first founded, it sabotaged Reconstruction governments and imposed a reign of terror and violence. After three years it came to an end, The Klan was no longer present. After World War I The Klan was reborn but this time in a much different style. This research will dig into the deepest facts and aspects of the Klan and show how radical and violent it is. The KKK is the biggest terror organisation in the USA that was and still is a threat to Black people in America and such a terror cannot be accepted, not in the present day because we want to live in a peaceful world where everyone is equal. One explanation of Southern America’s widespread acceptance of the Klan is found in the institution of slavery. Freedom for slaves represented for many white Southerners a bitter defeat - a defeat not only of their armies in the field but of their economic and social way of life. It was an age-old nightmare come true, for early in So...

Portrayal of vampires in cult tv Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

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